| Named By: | Jean Le Loeuff & Eric Buffetaut in 1991 |
| Time Period: | Late Cretaceous, approximately 80 Ma |
| Location: | France - Fuvelian Beds. Spain |
| Size: | Preserved length of holotype femur 22 centimetres which accounts for a reconstructed length of 35 centimetres when complete. Scaling this to generic abelisaurid theropod dinosaur proportions results in reconstructed estimate of 2.6-2.7 meters long for the holotype individual |
| Diet: | Carnivore |
| Fossil(s): | Fragmentary remains, including upper femur and 2 caudal (tail) vertebrae. Further remains from Spain have been attributed to the genus |
| Classification: | | Chordata | Reptilia | Dinosauria | Saurischia | Theropoda | Ceratosauria | Abelisauridae | |
Tarascosaurus ("Tarasque lizard") is a genus of, perhaps abelisaurid, theropod dinosaur from Late Cretaceous of France.
After having in 1988 identified an upper jaw bone found near Pourcieux as belonging to a member of the Abelisauridae, French paleontologist Eric Buffetaut reviewed the known remains of larger theropods found in the Late Cretaceous of Europe concluding they all were of abelisaurid affinity. Most of these fossils, earlier named as Megalosaurus pannoniensis, Megalosaurus hungaricus and Megalosaurus lonzeensis, he considered to be nomina dubia because of the paucity of the material. However, when in the collection of the University of Lyon he discovered some theropod bones once excavated by an unknown collector at the escarpment of the Lambeau de Beausset, Buffetaut and Jean Le Loeuff named and described these in 1991 as the type species Tarascosaurus salluvicus. The generic name is derived from the Tarasque or Tarasca, a devouring monster from Occitan and Spanish folklore. The specific name refers to the Salluvii, a Gallic tribe in Antiquity inhabiting the area near Marseilles.
The holotype PSL 330201 was found in the Fuvelian Beds, dating from the lower Campanian. It consists of the upper part of a thigh bone, 22 centimetres (8.7 in) long. PSL 330202, consisting of two dorsal vertebrae, was made a paratype; these bones may belong to the same individual. Referred was PSL 330203, a damaged tail vertebra. The femur, with an undamaged length estimated at 35 centimetres (14 in), indicates a body length of two and a half to three metres. Some fossils from Spain were also referred to the genus.
In 2003 Oliver Rauhut concluded that Tarascosaurus itself was also a nomen dubium because the material was not diagnostic.
Tarascosaurus was placed in the Abelisauridae in 1991. It was then seen as the only known abelisaurid from the Northern Hemisphere apart from Betasuchus of the Maastrichtian of the Netherlands. However, in 2003 Ronan Allain et al. concluded that the type lacked any uniquely abelisaurid traits.