| Named By: | Joseph Leidy in 1856 |
| Time Period: | Middle Eocene-Late Oligocene |
| Location: | Across North America |
| Size: | About 1.5 meters long |
| Diet: | Herbivore |
| Fossil(s): | Remains of well over 100 individuals |
| Classification: | | Chordata | Mammalia | Perissodactyla | Hyracodontidae | |
| Also known as: | | Aceratherium nebrascensis | Epitriplopus medius | Hyracodon apertus | Hyracodon arcidens | Hyracodon doddi | Hyracodon ischyrolophus | Hyracodon primus | Hyracodon selenidens | Mesamynodon medius | Rhinoceros nebraskensis | |
Hyracodon ('hyrax tooth') is an extinct genus of mammal.
It was a lightly built, pony-like mammal of about 1.5 m (5 ft) long. Hyracodon's skull was large in comparison to the rest of the body. Hyracodon's dentition resembled that of later rhinoceroses, but it was a much smaller animal and differed very little in appearance from the primitive horses of which it was a contemporary (32-26 million years ago). It had a short, broad snout and its long, slender limbs had three digits.
Like the primitive horses, hyracodonts inhabited open forests and wooded steppes and turned from browsing foliage to grazing grass. They died out without leaving any descendants and they mark the end of the phylogenetic branch of hornless, running rhinoceroses.
This small, fast-running creature was a close relative of the largest land mammal that ever lived, the 8 m (26 ft) long Paraceratherium.