| Named By: | A. Pomel in 1847 |
| Time Period: | Paleocene-Middle Eocene |
| Location: | Austria, Belgium, England, France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the USA, including the states of New Jersey, Virginia and Wyoming |
| Size: | About 1.2 meters long |
| Diet: | Carnivore/Piscivore |
| Fossil(s): | Multiple individuals, some of which are almost complete |
| Classification: | | Chordata | Reptilia | Crocodylomorpha | Crocodylia | Alligatoroidea | Diplocynodontinae | |
| Also known as: | | Baryphracta | Caimanosuchus | Enneodon | Hispanochampsa | Saurocainus | |
Diplocynodon is an extinct genus of alligatoroid that lived during the Paleocene to middle Eocene 49 million years ago in Europe. It looked very similar to the modern caiman in that it was small and had bony armour scutes covering its neck, back, belly, and tail. The longest Diplocynodon recovered was 4 feet in length and probably fed on fish, animal flesh, and took insects when young.
In the nineteenth century, D. steineri was named from Styria, Austria and D. styriacus was named from Austria and France. A third Austrian species, Enneodon ungeri, was placed in its own genus. The Austrian and French species of Diplocynodon were synonymized with E. ungeri in 2011, and because the name Diplocynodon has priority over Enneodon, the species is now called D. ungeri.
Well preserved specimens have been found in the Messel Pit in Germany. In the Eocene epoch, the pit was a swampy freshwater lake that was perfect for preserving fossils due to anoxic conditions at its bottom.