| Named By: | unavailable |
| Time Period: | Middle to Late Pleistocene, 0.5-0.011 Ma |
| Location: | Across Eurasia |
| Size: | Roughly 1 meter high at the shoulder, 1.5 meters long, 225 kilograms in weight |
| Diet: | Carnivore |
| Fossil(s): | Multiple remains |
| Classification: | | Chordata | Mammalia | Carnivora | Hyaenidae | |
The cave hyena (Crocuta crocuta spelaea), also known as the Ice Age spotted hyena, was a paleosubspecies of spotted hyena which ranged from the Iberian Peninsula to eastern Siberia. It is one of the best known mammals of the Ice Age and is well represented in many European bone caves. The cave hyena was a highly specialised animal, with its progressive and regressive features being more developed than in its modern African relative. It preyed on large mammals (primarily wild horses, steppe wisent and woolly rhinoceros), and was responsible for the accumulation of hundreds of large Pleistocene mammal bones in areas including horizontal caves, sinkholes, mud pits and muddy areas along rivers.
The cause of the cave hyena's extinction is not fully understood, though it could have been due to a combination of factors, including climate change and competition with other predators.