| Named By: | Christian Erich Hermann von Meyer in 1844 |
| Time Period: | Miocene [1] |
| Location: | Across Eurasia and North America, but particularly well known from Europe and the USA |
| Size: | 60 centimetres high at the shoulder |
| Diet: | Herbivore |
| Fossil(s): | Many remains |
| Classification: | | Chordata | Mammalia | Perissodactyla | Equidae | Anchitheriinae | |
Anchitherium (meaning near beast) was a fossil horse with a three-toed hoof.
Anchitherium was a browsing (leaf eating) horse that originated in the early Miocene of North America and subsequently dispersed to Europe and Asia, where it gave rise to the larger bodied genus Sinohippus. It was around 60 centimetres (6.0 hands) high at the shoulder, and probably represented a side-branch of horse evolution that left no modern descendants.