| Named By: | Li et al in 2007 |
| Time Period: | Early Cretaceous |
| Location: | China - Yixian Formation |
| Size: | 15.5 centimetres long |
| Diet: | Insectivore |
| Fossil(s): | Single specimen, complete with skin impressions, possibly a juvenile |
| Classification: | | Chordata | Sauropsida | Squamata | Iguana | |
Xianglong (meaning "flying dragon" in Chinese) is a genus of Cretaceous lizard discovered in the Zhuanchengzi, near Yizhou, Yixian, Liaoning Province of China. It is known from LPM 000666, a single complete skeleton with skin impressions. The specimen comes from the Barremian-age Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation, near Yizhou. The most notable feature about Xianglong is its bizarre oversized ribs, eight on each side, which were attached to a membrane of body tissue and allowed the lizard to glide. It was an acrodont lizard, and a cladistic analysis indicates it was grouped with iguanians such as agamines, chamaeleonids, and leiolepidines.
The fossil specimen found was 15.5 centimetres (6.1 in) long, 9.5 centimetres (3.7 in) of which was tail, although the describers say it was probably a juvenile. So far this is the only known fossil gliding lizard, though there are other unrelated animals that also use their ribs to glide.